CRISPR/Cas9 as a New Antiviral Strategy for Treating Hepatitis Viral Infections
Review
| Journal |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
, E-ISSN: 1422-0067
|
| Output data |
Year: 2024,
Volume: 25,
Number: 1,
Article number
: 334,
Pages count
:
DOI:
10.3390/ijms25010334
|
| Tags |
CRISPR/Cas; hepatitis; HBV; HCV; HAV; replication |
| Authors |
Bartosh Ulyana I.
1
,
Dome Anton S.
1
,
Zhukova Natalya V.
1
,
Karitskaya Polina E.
1
,
Stepanov Grigory A.
1
|
| Affiliations |
| 1 |
The Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
|
|
Funding (1)
|
1
|
МИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
|
ПФНИ ГАН (2013-2020) 0245-2022-0002
|
: Hepatitis is an inflammatory liver disease primarily caused by hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV),
C (HCV), D (HDV), and E (HEV) viruses. The chronic forms of hepatitis resulting from HBV and
HCV infections can progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while acute hepatitis
can lead to acute liver failure, sometimes resulting in fatality. Viral hepatitis was responsible for over
1 million reported deaths annually. The treatment of hepatitis caused by viral infections currently
involves the use of interferon-α (IFN-α), nucleoside inhibitors, and reverse transcriptase inhibitors
(for HBV). However, these methods do not always lead to a complete cure for viral infections, and
chronic forms of the disease pose significant treatment challenges. These facts underscore the urgent
need to explore novel drug developments for the treatment of viral hepatitis. The discovery of the
CRISPR/Cas9 system and the subsequent development of various modifications of this system have
represented a groundbreaking advance in the quest for innovative strategies in the treatment of
viral infections. This technology enables the targeted disruption of specific regions of the genome
of infectious agents or the direct manipulation of cellular factors involved in viral replication by
introducing a double-strand DNA break, which is targeted by guide RNA (spacer). This review
provides a comprehensive summary of our current knowledge regarding the application of the
CRISPR/Cas system in the regulation of viral infections caused by HAV, HBV, and HCV. It also
highlights new strategies for drug development aimed at addressing both acute and chronic forms of
viral hepatitis.